SSL Certification and How it Works

The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol was created by Netscape to ensure secure transactions between web servers and browsers. The protocol uses a third party, a Certificate Authority (CA), to identify one end or both ends of the transactions. If you are an online business it will boost sales and create customer confidence that you are operating a safe, secure location.  This is in short how it works.

1.       A browser requests a secure page (usually https://).

2.       The web server sends its public key with its certificate.

3.       The browser checks that the certificate was issued by a trusted party (usually a trusted root CA), that the certificate is still valid and that the certificate is related to the site contacted.

4.       The browser then uses the public key, to encrypt a random symmetric encryption key and sends it to the server with the encrypted URL required as well as other encrypted http data.

5.       The web server decrypts the symmetric encryption key using its private key and uses the symmetric key to decrypt the URL and http data.

6.       The web server sends back the requested html document and http data encrypted with the symmetric key.

7.       The browser decrypts the http data and html document using the symmetric key and displays the information.

Something Easy To Remember:

Think of a website as an office building set well back from a road, behind some trees. To find the office building, you're going to need a sign and a path to get there. You can think of the hosting server as the ground the building sits on, the website as the building.  The domain name serves as the sign, and the IP address as the direction in which the sign is pointing.  The internet is the road you travel down to get there.

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